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How do ducks make their quacking sound?

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science and exciting world of research imagination and the willingness to question everything join us on a strange Journey has five unlikely experiments together into one astounding Discovery changing our lives forever open a door in your mind and step through into the realm of weird Connection in this episode will look at the power of the echo how animals use it and how humans can as well opening up the possibilities instead of site 5 weird connections a researcher has the unique ability to see an opportunity for scientific inquiry acoustic engineer Jonathan Hargreaves is fascinated by sound open Play Acoustics is is about the human experience which is one of the things that make University weather conditions when it freezes copy Magic Plies this. Communicate Kirk wax startles and entertains but doesn't seem to have an echo no big deal for most of us but puzzles dr. Hargreaves because his life's work is based on the premise that all sounds have an echo University of Salford dr. Hargreaves took his duck in curry to the next we found dog from a local farm and we brought into our scientific facilities I would just prefer Ricky Ross measurements on it this was not an easy sound to capture on tape doesn't rain White's pretty much until it starts the clock for every surface is covered with sound-absorbing back Oscar Wilde truck coaster drop height are tokidoki 10 subject into a reverberation chamber this was the complete opposite of the previous route that would bounce back any sounds that hit them I'm going to play the duck in the anechoic chamber first CVS Frazer short not going to play the new Federation movie it was the sound that shattered a myth in clear and strong hold it remained was cracking the mystery simplest actuation booking a room trying to understand why the jokes clock app is no Echo is solution a computer-generated acoustic modeling program to dr. Hargreaves crack the mystery book blue is the anechoic recording you can see that the delay of the echo leaves it feels slightly out of the when the software speed it up the sound wave Hargreaves got the answer he been searching for so this is my sound do things now quote a duck's quack doesn't Echo but somehow the echo is masked by the sound of the original quack quack because the clock kit I want to sound the social type is often dies wife arrives to sounds over like a little bit you don't really hear you just hit whole thing has a long black soap would think the duck quack in back home so I think the clock for bit longer these findings Echo some fascinating new research about Mother Nature's famous flying Reverb machine in our first weird connection we looked at how a duck's quack hides its own pack up now will meet an animal who's a master at using the echo to map its surroundings want to get inside the Bed Head as much as we can but of course we have to use indirect measures we can't ask the bat what you think that dr. Cynthia Moss is a psychologist with some unusual patients she runs a bat Lab at the University of Maryland documenting the amazing echolocation skills of the American fruit bat Chris landman interested in questions of perception for years and years and I do think that there are analogies between the bats use of echolocation for proceeding its surroundings and our use of vision using high-frequency sounds to navigate the environment and find food a colony of bats can devour 250 tons of insect tonight the fact that the bat so very quickly can maneuver through dense vegetation avoid hitting trees and still catching its bugs must have a really rich display of the world using echolocation it turns out that with their highly tuned senses that's produce a detailed audio picture of the world detecting shape size and texture or perception of the world so provides us with a little bit of a witch perception is it sounds in response to objects in the environment Professor most translated into the computer program it's cone shape pattern resent the sound starting from the bass mouth and spreading out over the environment of the beam pattern of the Baskervilles location and think of it like an auditory Flash The Echoes bounce back from solid objects into the large bat ears each ear picks up specific and slightly different sound characteristics the differences help the construct a complex Sonic image of the surround World The Bean pattern and the directional control gives us some insight to the bath tension to the world where it's looking if you will now dr. Moss was ready to discuss detailed a picture of bat conversie through Echo navigation and there are two openings in this very fine that see the outline of the opening here and there are opening on the other side and the bank has to find the opening the house has a worm it will require a series of intricate moves that can only be accomplished if the bat pics precise information about the stop flies through that hole in this case the compartment doesn't have any food in it for the backhoe is hungry but if it flies through this opening this apartment house has the worm panic at the food for Ward infrared cameras film The Bats flight and microphones on the walls record exactly when and where it lets out at ultrasonic calls plump and juicy looking she released a very hungry bad, just think it's called to find a way through the obstacles the best thing about trouble 3D software as it documents the best path slow down by a factor of 10 the bat flies towards the net is changing the direction of the being is that really means a change in the direction of its head looking in different directions to sample information from different location professor florange prefer smooth surfaces over rough ones with the bat be able to tell the difference now that we found in the general pointing towards textured feed now it's shifted to the smooth feed and again it got it Mother Nature's gift echolocation can outperform all current sonar technology but there's a theory that humans possess if only we listen to inside in our first two weird connections we looked at why Ducks don't seem to make Echoes and why bats don't want to stop now it's time to find out how humans can tap into this very important turn off to try to use it in a few days. He believes there's a bit and all of us some Studies have reported that using Echoes we cannot see the type things almost as well as without Vision could be used at 32 section subconsciously in 1947 sun cycle just conducted a famous study disproving a concept called facial Vision using are current hitting their face David is recreating the experiment location in humans is the real clue to blindsight I need to find out where the people can find a way around just using a code to walk down the corridor. smacked into a wooden screen setup in their path we believe that the sound waves actually right in Pittston and that's what's giving people the ability to detect when the tattoos fade the sound waves travel is it  back today is I know you can tell how close they are just by using that wave would the volunteers be able to sense the location of the screen with their ears alone good manner by walking into it face-first they were told to raise their hands as soon as they thought they could detect the screen even though they couldn't see the screen all of them stopped long before hitting it very well done take a look better Edwards decided to limit the amount of sound is subjects were able to make provided them with fluffy socks and cover the walkway in a soft material we put people in Chucky socks and use the fairy carpet in order to muscle react to sound and should listen to ability once again he ran the experiment this time his volunteers walked record or when they had logical conclusion socks a furry carpet and ear Defenders his volunteers would not be anything from their footsteps blind but knowing people sound they have no Retros and therefore they have no ability to detect objects to send data to detection is the mechanism eliminated the results were inevitable a sore nose and a red face School District Tournament nobody knew exactly how people detect his obstacles especially the blind this was able to show that he has to go to work today using echolocation that people could locate object in fact or innate ability maybe on par with the best Echo locators around many more Studies have been done all the fictional town that humans have disability but in some cases compatible with Sebastian Dolphins enough to research the way now moving on to look at looking at the power of the echo from Ducks who don't make 1/2 bath to use it to navigate to people's innate same so people can avoid a large wooden screen using echolocation but can they use it to find something a little smaller that's our next weird connection. what I see with sound what I'm really interested in state abbreviation for through hearing it transforms into Batman and women if you can take that to the level of experiment at the University of Leeds to see if a person could perform a task that only affect With Love catching a moth using just sound he developed a computer program that chirp like a bat using echolocation accepting a lower frequency audible to the human ear it comes back to you so you can walk around and fly around in this virtual world that you can pretend to be a back to the house and outside the virtual and the volunteer would try to find it sing sound alone microchip tracker on top that means we can track where aliens going inside this room listen carefully that's the sound of the computer simulating the best chirps the church reflect back off any solid object or virtual one providing an echo clue with the moth location can the human volunteer possibly hear the echo from a moth and use it to track down the insect just like a hungry bat Pikachu it worked a human can indeed make use of Echoes to track down an animal or insect can do with echolocation under the right circumstances which facial is very hard to do more than one thing at the same time you called read a book and drive a car at the same time you can try to call and listen to the radio at the same time patient means that you can double the number of things you can do now it's time for connection 5 using echolocation for something of more interest humans than finding insects could these highly skilled are men and women learn to hear like that when I get home we can match the shoe so we could turn right off into so no echolocation you would hear your latest trick you and I can look at your screen you can fly the aircraft without having to do too many visual talk to the same time using this flight simulator dr. Waters is putting his theory to the test the pilot will try to send some missile coming his way using echolocation his head will pick up audio at goes bouncing back from any approaching object such as is he seeking his tailpipe the missile is now on a Collision Course how to write the white underneath at the last minute the pilot changes Direction and avoid the missile strike using echolocation alone this pilot saved his virtual aircraft he didn't just know where the missile was coming from he was able to send its location and speed in three dimensional space distinct improvement over visual radar I was concentrating on finding that cost $10 that able to concentrate more on the whole deal and I think I would get used to be able to do that for the longest time today we might be on the verge of an evolution and how we interact with our surroundings the ability to use echolocation is turning out to be a very natural thing for almost anybody you can text people who never had this experience before streets I love you got to pretend to be about this is what kind of have to put the headphones on them but why is do we have that patient can open up a whole range of possibility from flying aircraft to police work to medical diagnosis anytime hearing is involved at the location can fluid into a deeper level of perception and understanding The Humble duck quack became a rallying Cry For Gray human potential in just 5 connections

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