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Physical Science: the basics of energy

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processes of life require energy but energy is present in non-living matter as well in fact energy is one of the most fundamental components of our universe in science energy is defined as the ability to do work energy is what enables matter to move or change it is the transformation of energy that makes things happen at the Hoover Dam on the air Southern Nevada border the mechanical energy of moving water is transformed into electrical energy energy exists in a wide variety of forms including thermal or heat energy radiant or light energy and solar energy as well as electrical chemical mechanical sound app to clear energy one way to think of energy whatever its form is this potential and kinetic energy potential energy is stored while kinetic energy is already potential energy is the energy an object has that can be released during hardest to do work kinetic energy is the energy within a body that is moving or emotion kinetic energy is considered to be occurring or happening because the energy is it work energy either potential or kinetic can be transformed from one form to another but the total amount of always Remains the Same in whatever form it takes this principle is known as the law of conservation of energy steer stand at the top of a the higher they are above Earth's surface the more potential energy they have as the skiers go down the mountain their potential energy is being transformed into kinetic energy how can you tell if energy is present by taking an organism's temperature temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of an object flying ant spray the cheetah the fastest animal on land Springs into action as soon as the big cat goes to work chasing its meal its potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy running at speeds of up to 95 km an hour to cheetahs kinetic energy is being used to chase down and overcome its prey the cheetah successful in her Chase this mother cheetahs Cubs join her to Feast on the meal as the Cheetahs eat they consume chemical energy Jordan the organic molecules and atoms of the prey some of this energy will quickly become kinetic energy used for walking breathing and Performing other life processes but some energy will be store what is needed for the next hunt energy is all around and living and non-living Mac where does being stored until needed and used to perform it is nearly impossible to consider energy without thinking of heat is a continent heat is energy in transit or energy that flows from one object to another it is the energy transfer that occurs when two objects of different temperatures come in contact with each other heat flows from a hotter object to a colder one temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of an object indicates the relative warmth or coolness an object temperature rises as it receives more heat the more heat energy that is transferred to that object the factors molecules will move temperature drops when the leftover movement slow there are three main scale by which temperature is registered on a thermometer the Celsius scale is the most widely used water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius the United States and a few other countries use the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit the Kelvin scale is the most widely used scientifically it is an absolute scale no negative numbers that begins at Absolute Zero meaning no temperature at all absolute zero is equal to -273 degrees Celsius when almost all molecular activity stops well absolute zero has never been achieved experimental E I just know that is substance of this temperature has what is called and Zero Point Energy which is such a small amount of she did it cannot be transferred to a different substance can be absorbed delete in the transfer of heat energy between two objects of different temperatures will always flow from the warmer object to the the heat from the molten glass flows into the pool over the air in this way the objects will achieve thermal equilibrium during heat transfer Jewels move faster causing the distance between them to increase as a result the size of the objects increases or expands a phenomenon called thermal expansion when the molecules move closer together this is called thermal contraction thermal expansion and contraction or everyday events for bridge so when Engineers design a bridge they plan for these changes by using Expansion Joints on the bridges service when a substance continues to expand because of the increased movement of the molecules a change of state solids melt into liquids and liquids can become gas when this occurs heat energy is being absorbed when the reverse happens that is what a is there a gas condenses into liquid heat energy is being released is transmitted from one object to another by three methods conduction convection and radiation radiation is the transfer of heat energy between two objects that are not touching radiation such as from the sunlight that warms our planet Travels by ways in conjunction which is how he's passing through solid faster moving molecules vibrate again slower moving molecules and transfer energy convection occurs circulated through fluids such as are our water wind is an example of a convection current as the air is heated by the ground it gets warmer and less dense at the same time cooler denser air sinks pushing warm air upward the rising of warm air and it's sinking of cold air produce convection current the rising of warm water and the sinking of cold water in the ocean also create convection currents which served in mix are around Earth all the processes of life require energy including heat the transfer of heat from one object to another is important for life on Earth what is the source of most of the energy in living things solar energy sustains life on Earth the Sun transmit energy to earth's surface in the form of electromagnetic waves is waves transfer energy through radiation plants on Earth convert solar radiation into food by way of photosynthesis green plants absorb sunlight and use it to turn carbon dioxide water into sugar and oxygen the oxygen along with some water vapor is released in the process. In other words growing plants use the energy in sunlight organic molecules sugars out of gases in the air and water from the ground photosynthesis is the date all food chain animals eat plants for nourishment energy and humans and other animals such as the cheetah intern eat those animals they consumed the organic chemical energy and stored as potential energy solar radiation is also responsible for the chemical energy stored in wood and fossil fuels such as cold or oil and natural gas when we burn these materials energy is released energy from the burning of fossil fuels is used worldwide for cooking and Heating why are fossil fuels is ultimately limited it is a non-renewable in addition the burning of fossil fuels create the carbon dioxide pollution often blame for global warming according to the US Department of energy the burning of coal and natural gas supplies about thirds of the electricity generated in the United States environmental concerns of encouraged scientists to seek alternate renewable energy sources to generate electricity there are many different kinds of generators they all serve the same purpose converting motion into electricity scientists and Engineers are looking to utilize renewable natural resources to generate electricity solar panels contemporary Windmill and hydroelectric power are all examples of ways renewable resources can be used to power generators for example hydroelectric power is the car mission of electricity by converting the energy of running water for centuries the motion of water has powered water wheels used to drive Mill machinery today we generate hydroelectricity by creating Dan Ernest Waters power as it flows from higher levels to lower levels this is the Three Gorges Dam project on the Yangtze river in China when completed the  will be slightly more than a kilometer wide and almost 183 meters tall it will be the largest hydroelectric dam in the world it's estimated that when finished the dam will generate about 84.7 billion kilowatt where's the power in a year enough energy to serve for City bigger than Los Angeles for one year clear energy the release of energy through the splitting of atoms in a process called nuclear fish generates a lot of heat that can be used to power generators concerns about radioactive waste and dangerous Nuclear by product has hindered the further development of this energy source possible sources of renewable energy include geothermal energy Earth's internal heat energy some of this heat reaches earth's surface through natural processes such as volcanoes and geysers and Industry is learned how to test geothermal Reservoir that remains below ground spin the turbine generators turning energy into electricity as we deplete our natural fossil-fuel Reese tentative energy sources will be the best way to create the clean efficient and state energy we will need in the future

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